Meanings

newspaper studies

educational visit (e.g. by a class)

materials science

fundamental academic skills

dendrochronology

humanities

nonlinear optics

study of the English language as a means to acquire Western knowledge (esp. after the end of Japan's period of isolation)

linear algebra

archaeozoology

pharmacognosy

toxicology

historical geography

commercial geography

pomology

military geography

naval architecture

human geography

precision engineering

ocean engineering