Meanings

coastline transgression

industrialized countries

erythropoietin

format

fund-raising tournaments (during the Edo period)

rapid progress

behavior

enterprising and daring

one step forward, many steps backward

purifying oneself (religiously) by abstaining from eating meat

being arduous

one's course of action

nucleus (of a project proposal, of a social movement, etc.)

being driven to the wall

a question of whether or not someone should resign

engage in ascetic practices with dauntless spirit

reluctant to

to make progress

two steps forward, one step back

anagenesis